#region License
/* FNA - XNA4 Reimplementation for Desktop Platforms
 * Copyright 2009-2016 Ethan Lee and the MonoGame Team
 *
 * Released under the Microsoft Public License.
 * See LICENSE for details.
 */
#endregion

#region Using Statements
using System.Collections.Generic;
#endregion

namespace Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input
{
	/// <summary>
	/// Holds the state of keystrokes by a keyboard.
	/// </summary>
	public struct KeyboardState
	{
		#region Public Properties

		/// <summary>
		/// Returns the state of a specified key.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="key">The key to query.</param>
		/// <returns>The state of the key.</returns>
		public KeyState this[Keys key]
		{
			get
			{
				return InternalGetKey(key) ? KeyState.Down : KeyState.Up;
			}
		}

		#endregion

		#region Private Variables

		// Array of 256 bits:
		uint keys0, keys1, keys2, keys3, keys4, keys5, keys6, keys7;

		#endregion

		#region Private Static Variables

		// Used for the common situation where GetPressedKeys will return an empty array
		static Keys[] empty = new Keys[0];

		#endregion

		#region Public Constructor

		/// <summary>
		/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="KeyboardState"/> class.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="keys">List of keys to be flagged as pressed on initialization.</param>
		public KeyboardState(params Keys[] keys)
		{
			keys0 = 0;
			keys1 = 0;
			keys2 = 0;
			keys3 = 0;
			keys4 = 0;
			keys5 = 0;
			keys6 = 0;
			keys7 = 0;

			if (keys != null)
			{
				foreach (Keys k in keys)
				{
					InternalSetKey(k);
				}
			}
		}

		#endregion

		#region Internal Constructor

		/// <summary>
		/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="KeyboardState"/> class.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="keys">List of keys to be flagged as pressed on initialization.</param>
		internal KeyboardState(List<Keys> keys)
		{
			keys0 = 0;
			keys1 = 0;
			keys2 = 0;
			keys3 = 0;
			keys4 = 0;
			keys5 = 0;
			keys6 = 0;
			keys7 = 0;

			if (keys != null)
			{
				foreach (Keys k in keys)
				{
					InternalSetKey(k);
				}
			}
		}

		#endregion

		#region Public Methods

		/// <summary>
		/// Gets whether given key is currently being pressed.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="key">The key to query.</param>
		/// <returns>true if the key is pressed; false otherwise.</returns>
		public bool IsKeyDown(Keys key)
		{
			return InternalGetKey(key);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Gets whether given key is currently being not pressed.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="key">The key to query.</param>
		/// <returns>true if the key is not pressed; false otherwise.</returns>
		public bool IsKeyUp(Keys key)
		{
			return !InternalGetKey(key);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Returns an array of values holding keys that are currently being pressed.
		/// </summary>
		/// <returns>The keys that are currently being pressed.</returns>
		public Keys[] GetPressedKeys()
		{
			uint count = (
				CountBits(keys0) +
				CountBits(keys1) +
				CountBits(keys2) +
				CountBits(keys3) +
				CountBits(keys4) +
				CountBits(keys5) +
				CountBits(keys6) +
				CountBits(keys7)
			);

			if (count == 0)
			{
				return empty;
			}

			Keys[] keys = new Keys[count];

			int index = 0;
			if (keys0 != 0)
			{
				index = AddKeysToArray(keys0, 0 * 32, keys, index);
			}
			if (keys1 != 0)
			{
				index = AddKeysToArray(keys1, 1 * 32, keys, index);
			}
			if (keys2 != 0)
			{
				index = AddKeysToArray(keys2, 2 * 32, keys, index);
			}
			if (keys3 != 0)
			{
				index = AddKeysToArray(keys3, 3 * 32, keys, index);
			}
			if (keys4 != 0)
			{
				index = AddKeysToArray(keys4, 4 * 32, keys, index);
			}
			if (keys5 != 0)
			{
				index = AddKeysToArray(keys5, 5 * 32, keys, index);
			}
			if (keys6 != 0)
			{
				index = AddKeysToArray(keys6, 6 * 32, keys, index);
			}
			if (keys7 != 0)
			{
				index = AddKeysToArray(keys7, 7 * 32, keys, index);
			}

			return keys;
		}

		#endregion

		#region Private Methods

		bool InternalGetKey(Keys key)
		{
			uint mask = (uint) 1 << (((int) key) & 0x1f);

			uint element;
			switch (((int) key) >> 5)
			{
				case 0: element = keys0; break;
				case 1: element = keys1; break;
				case 2: element = keys2; break;
				case 3: element = keys3; break;
				case 4: element = keys4; break;
				case 5: element = keys5; break;
				case 6: element = keys6; break;
				case 7: element = keys7; break;
				default: element = 0; break;
			}

			return (element & mask) != 0;
		}

		void InternalSetKey(Keys key)
		{
			uint mask = (uint) 1 << (((int) key) & 0x1f);
			switch (((int) key) >> 5)
			{
				case 0: keys0 |= mask; break;
				case 1: keys1 |= mask; break;
				case 2: keys2 |= mask; break;
				case 3: keys3 |= mask; break;
				case 4: keys4 |= mask; break;
				case 5: keys5 |= mask; break;
				case 6: keys6 |= mask; break;
				case 7: keys7 |= mask; break;
			}
		}

		void InternalClearKey(Keys key)
		{
			uint mask = (uint) 1 << (((int) key) & 0x1f);
			switch (((int) key) >> 5)
			{
				case 0: keys0 &= ~mask; break;
				case 1: keys1 &= ~mask; break;
				case 2: keys2 &= ~mask; break;
				case 3: keys3 &= ~mask; break;
				case 4: keys4 &= ~mask; break;
				case 5: keys5 &= ~mask; break;
				case 6: keys6 &= ~mask; break;
				case 7: keys7 &= ~mask; break;
			}
		}

		void InternalClearAllKeys()
		{
			keys0 = 0;
			keys1 = 0;
			keys2 = 0;
			keys3 = 0;
			keys4 = 0;
			keys5 = 0;
			keys6 = 0;
			keys7 = 0;
		}

		#endregion

		#region Public Static Operators and Override Methods

		/// <summary>
		/// Gets the hash code for <see cref="KeyboardState"/> instance.
		/// </summary>
		/// <returns>Hash code of the object.</returns>
		public override int GetHashCode()
		{
			return (int) (keys0 ^ keys1 ^ keys2 ^ keys3 ^ keys4 ^ keys5 ^ keys6 ^ keys7);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Compares whether two <see cref="KeyboardState"/> instances are equal.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="a"><see cref="KeyboardState"/> instance to the left of the equality operator.</param>
		/// <param name="b"><see cref="KeyboardState"/> instance to the right of the equality operator.</param>
		/// <returns>true if the instances are equal; false otherwise.</returns>
		public static bool operator ==(KeyboardState a, KeyboardState b)
		{
			return (	a.keys0 == b.keys0 &&
					a.keys1 == b.keys1 &&
					a.keys2 == b.keys2 &&
					a.keys3 == b.keys3 &&
					a.keys4 == b.keys4 &&
					a.keys5 == b.keys5 &&
					a.keys6 == b.keys6 &&
					a.keys7 == b.keys7	);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Compares whether two <see cref="KeyboardState"/> instances are not equal.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="a"><see cref="KeyboardState"/> instance to the left of the inequality operator.</param>
		/// <param name="b"><see cref="KeyboardState"/> instance to the right of the inequality operator.</param>
		/// <returns>true if the instances are different; false otherwise.</returns>
		public static bool operator !=(KeyboardState a, KeyboardState b)
		{
			return !(a == b);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Compares whether current instance is equal to specified object.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="obj">The <see cref="KeyboardState"/> to compare.</param>
		/// <returns>true if the provided <see cref="KeyboardState"/> instance is same with current; false otherwise.</returns>
		public override bool Equals(object obj)
		{
			return obj is KeyboardState && this == (KeyboardState) obj;
		}

		#endregion

		#region Private Static Methods

		private static uint CountBits(uint v)
		{
			// http://graphics.stanford.edu/~seander/bithacks.html#CountBitsSetParallel
			v = v - ((v >> 1) & 0x55555555);			// reuse input as temporary
			v = (v & 0x33333333) + ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333);		// temp
			return ((v + (v >> 4) & 0xF0F0F0F) * 0x1010101) >> 24;	// count
		}

		private static int AddKeysToArray(uint keys, int offset, Keys[] pressedKeys, int index)
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < 32; i += 1)
			{
				if ((keys & (1 << i)) != 0)
				{
					pressedKeys[index++] = (Keys) (offset + i);
				}
			}
			return index;
		}

		#endregion
	}
}